Reddit mentions of The Science on Women and Science

According to The Science on Women in Science gender bias is apparent as early as 4th grade in our school system. At the university level, thousands of science scholarships specifically set aside for girls go unfulfilled because our high schools are simply not graduating enough girls who qualify for them.

This isn't just a professional, academic level of sexism. It's much more deep rooted than that.

In Outliers, the law of diminishing academics are demonstrated. Essentially a small difference in population at age 10 is a huge difference at age 20. If you do not fix a problem in academic trends early on, the problem only gets exacerbated as time progresses.

What the data says is that if you want to fix the gender bias in the sciences in the professional world, you can't simply address those gender biases in the professional world. That is akin to putting a bandaid on a broken leg; it's just not going to fix the problem. You must start younger, in elementary school, if you want to fix this problem. If 60% of those very interested in the sciences in the 4th grade are boys, and 40% are girls; then by the beginning of college the gap in those number will increase to 70-30, or even 75-25. And by grad school those numbers can be as high as 85-15 depending on the specific scientific field and region. The gap widens, over time, due to the diminishing academics which are returned.

Without a push to get girls interested in the hard sciences early on in elementary school, there will always be a gender gap in adulthood. And not the small gap that exists in 4th grade, but the exacerbated gap that results.

And as long as that exacerbated gap exists there will be a gender-stereotype that women are not qualified in the sciences. Even with many examples of brilliant female scientists, when only 18% (depending on source) of PhD's in the hard sciences are being earned by women, the negative stereotype against women will persists. Simply gaining acceptance for those 18% is not enough. You must also make the changes early on, so that girls in the 4th grade see science as a legitimate career field that is exciting and interesting; so that girls do not self-sort themselves out of the sciences and so that teachers do not condition girls to think that sciences are not for them.

tl;dr - If we want to end the gender-bias in sciences we need to start in elementary schools and work our way up; as well as in the professional world and work our way down.

There exist evidence that women are more interested in their immediate surroundings than men and that men care more about further places than women. This could be an inherent reason behind these results.
Source: The Science on Women in Science