Reddit mentions: The best muhammed in islam books

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_____INTRODUCTION TO ISLAM__

• [Web] Islam Explained - brief 1-page explanation of Islam and other Islam-related topics.
  
  
• [Video] The DeenShow - a talk show that introduces many of the basic teachings of Islam and addresses common misconceptions. Their website here.
  
  
• [Book] The Complete Idiot's Guide to Islam - Yahiya Emerick, Ignore the title, it's a decent clear-English guide to explaining what Islam is about and it's practices.
  
  
• [Video] The Purpose of Life - Khalid Yasin, gives a comprehensive lecture on the fundamental question that every human being must ask: "What is the purpose of life?"
  
  
• [Video] Foundations of Islam -Hamza Yusuf, discusses Quran compilation & preservation, articles of faith, ihsan, and the signs of the Last Day.
  
  
• [Web] Al-Aqidah at-Tahawiyyah - Islamic Creed written by the popular, 10th century scholar: at-Ṭaḥāwī
  
  
  
• [Book] Islam and the Destiny of Man - Charles Le Gai Eaton, introduction to Islam aimed at the Westerner.
  
  
• [Web] What is Islam? - Jamaal Zarabozo, if you're looking for a more concise introduction to the fundamental beliefs and practices of the Islamic faith, then try this free ebook.
  
  
  
  
• [Video] Understanding Islam Video Series - Abdal Hakim Murad, discusses the Qur'anic view of Christianity & Jesus, historical Muslim tolerance of Jews, free will vs. determinism, the problem of evil, etc.
  
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  ___QURAN____
  
  
• [Web] Quran - The Noble Quran in various translations.
  
  
• [Book] The Message of the Qur'an - Muhammad Asad, if you're looking for the Quran in book form, this has helpful commentary to provide a thorough understanding.
  
  
• [Book] Quran - Abdel Haleem, another Quran in book form, this one is written in extremely clear modern English that makes it easy and pleasurable to read.
  
  
  
• [Web] English Tafsir -Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi, English commentary of each chapter of the Quran in clear English. Extra link
  
  
• [Audio] Bayyinah Quran Commentary Podcast -Nouman Ali Khan, highly recommended audio commentary of the last 37 chapters of the Quran. Entire Quran commentary with BayyinahTV purchase.
  
  
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  ____LIFE OF PROPHET MUHAMMAD___
  
  
• [Book] Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources - Martin Lings, very detailed and thorough biography based on the earliest sources. Recommended by many, (but relies on a few unauthentic sources).
  
  
• [Book] Muhammad Man and Prophet - Adil Salahi, a Complete Study of the Life of the Prophet, from birth in the Arabian desert to the triumph of Islam and its gaining a permanent hold on Arabia.
  
  
  
• [Video] Biography of Muhammad (pbuh) Video Series - Yasir Qadhi, detailed, very lengthy biography video series. Condensed video series here, Mufti Menk
  
  
• [Book] In the Footsteps of the Prophet: Lessons from the Life of Muhammad - Tariq Ramadan, presents the main events of the Prophet's life in a way that highlights his spiritual and ethical teachings.
  
  
• [Audio] The Life of the Prophet Muhammad - Hamza Yusuf, brilliant narration that was originally presented in a twelve week course based on the above book by Martin Lings.
  
  
• [Book] Muhammad (Critical Lives) - Yahiya Emerick, a simple concise, informative biography.
  
  
  
  
• [Web] The Sealed Nectar - Saifur Rahman al-Mubarakpuri, Popular and accurate account of the life of Muhammad (pbuh). Alternative link.
  
  
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  ____CHRISTIANITY, JUDAISM AND ISLAM___
  
  
• [Video] How the Bible Led Me to Islam - Joshua Evans, former Christian youth minister conveys his journey to Islam.
  
  
• [Book] The Cross & The Crescent - Jerald Dirks, former minister (deacon) of the United Methodist Church explains how coherent Islam is with the roots of Christianity, provided with verifiable proofs.
  
  
• [Video] Early Christianity From Jesus to Muhammad - Jerald Dirks, discusses the roots of Christianity and the transition to the emergence of Muslims.
  
  
• [Book] MisGod'ed: A Roadmap of Guidance and Misguidance in the Abrahamic Religions - Laurence Brown, examines Judaism, Christianity, and Islam for truth in revelation, and trace the chain of revelation to its logical conclusion.
  
  
  
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  ____ATHEISM AND ISLAM____
  
  
• [Video] The Purpose of Life - Jeffrey Lang explains how he came to Islam after being an Atheist.
  
  
• [Book] The Divine Reality: God, Islam & The Mirage Of Atheism - Hamza Tzortzis, Islamic arguments for God's existence, oneness and worship, while thoroughly addressing popular and academic objections.
  
  
• [Book] Even Angels Ask: A Journey to Islam in America - Jeffery Lang, a former atheist takes the reader along the path by discussing conflicts between faith and reason.
  
  
• [Book] Struggling To Surrender : Some Impressions of an American Convert to Islam - Former atheist, Jeffery Lang, gives a personal account of his search for God when he found out that his inherited religious beliefs could no longer answer his questions.
  
  
• [Video] From Strong Atheist To Islam - Tim, a former atheist used to debate religious people and tried to convince them that there is no God, until he met a Muslim.
  
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  ____LEARN TO PRAY (SALAH)____
  
  
  
• [Web] Prayer Booklet - Easy and concise guide that explain the prerequisites and actions of prayer. Goes well with prayer videos below.
  
  
• [Video] Step by Step Guide to Prayer - Video explains the necessary steps needed to pray.
  
  
• [Video] How to perform all 5 prayers - Demonstration of all 5 mandatory prayers.
  
  
• [Web] How Do I Pray? - Interactive tutorial of all 5 prayers. Includes English transliteration.
  
  
• [Web] Prayer Mat - Contains all the necessary Arabic sayings that are needed for prayer. Print it out and place in front of you for ease. Convenient!
  
  
• [Web] Prayer Times - Online tool for calculating prayer times based on your exact GPS location
  
  
• [Web] Mosque-Finder - helpful tool that lets you locate your closest mosque.
  
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  ____HADITH/SUNNAH____
  
  
• [Video] An Introduction to Hadith - Jonathan Brown, 1 hour introduction to the narrations of Muhammad (pbuh). Some questions about hadith answered.
  
  
• [Web] Imam Nawawi's Forty Hadith - Learn and study 42 popular hadith compiled by the famous al-Nawawi with audio commentary. Notes on al-Nawawi and his compilations for more clarity.
  
  
• [Book] Riyad-us-Saliheen - Imam Al-Nawawi, A popular and useful compilation of authentic hadith, covering every aspect of Islamic belief and moral conduct. Read it online or listen to audio.
  
  Full list here
  
  

^[Je ^vais ^maintenant ^parler ^en ^anglais ^car ^c'est ^plus ^facile ^de ^trouver ^les ^références ^nécessaires.]

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> HAHAHAHAHA

Aisha recalled that 'The Messenger of God never struck anything with his hand, not a woman and not a slave, except when making war in the path of God.' http://sunnah.com/muslim/43/108

> Les petites filles de 9 ans peuvent consentir ? Les esclaves peuvent consentir ? Non.
>


Yes they can, they have the right to divorce. And by the way: "Women, in hot climates, are marriageable at eight, nine, or ten years of age; [...] They are old at twenty." -- Montesquieu http://www.constitution.org/cm/sol_16.htm So despite her age she was mature.

> Le viol conjugal n'est même pas reconnu en islam. Une épouse doit tout faire pour "satisfaire" son mari "sinon les anges la maudissent".
>
Rien ne permet de dire explicitement que le viol, est absolument prohibé par le Coran. Autant il condamne sans réserve l’adultère autant il reste muet en ce qui concerne le viol !

> « Lorsqu’un homme appel sa femme dans son lit et qu’elle refuse, et qu’il passe la nuit courroucé contre elle, les anges ne cessent de la maudire jusqu’au matin. » rapporté par Al Boukhârî dans son Sahih ainsi que Mouslim.

No you can't beat your wife for no reason and be unfair to her in Islam.
The husband has to treat his wife kindly, because God says:
“and live with them honourably” [al-Nisa’ 4:19]

Ibn Hazm (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: Both slave women and free women are enjoined not to refuse the master or husband if he calls them for intercourse, so long as the woman who is called is not menstruating or sick and likely to be harmed by intercourse, or observing an obligatory fast. If she refuses with no excuse then she is cursed. End quote from al-Muhalla (10/40).

Al-Bahooti (may Allaah have mercy on him) said:

The husband has the right to enjoy his wife at any time, so long as that does not keep her from performing obligatory duties or harm her; he does not have the right to enjoy her in that case, because that is not part of living with them honourably. But if it does not distract her from that or cause her harm, then he has the right to enjoyment. End quote from Kashshaaf al-Qinaa’ (5/189).



> Allah a dit : « Les hommes ont autorité sur les femmes, en raison des faveurs qu'Allah accorde à ceux-là sur celles-ci, et aussi à cause des dépenses qu'ils font de leurs biens. Les femmes vertueuses sont obéissantes (à leurs maris), et protègent ce qui doit être protégé, pendant l'absence de leurs époux, avec la protection d'Allah. Et quant à celles dont vous craignez la désobéissance, exhortez-les, éloignez-vous d'elles dans leurs lits et frappez-les. Si elles arrivent à vous obéir, alors ne cherchez plus de voie contre elles, car Allah est certes, Haut et Grand! » Sourate 4 verset 34

Ironically, the unstated assumptions that many readers today would generally see as encasing the 'literal meaning' of 4:34 were shared by none of the pre-modern ulama. They are, in fact, totally foreign to the Islamic tradition. Reading the verse as an unambiguous legitimization of spousal abuse assumes that the Qur'an should be read in isolation and that duties should be derived from it unmediated. Yet no pre-modern Muslim school of thought ever advocated that (except perhaps the early Kharijite extremists), and Islamic modernists who claim they do this today cannot manage to do so consistently. On the contrary, Muslim sects agreed that the Qur'an had to be read through the prism of the Prophet's teachings as expounded by the ulama, who then disagreed endlessly on what those teachings should be.

[...] the most salient theme in the ulama's writings across the centuries has been one of restricting almost completely the apparent meaning of the verse. This seems to have appeared with the first, infallible interpreter of God's revelation, the Messenger of God himself. Canonical Sunni Hadith collections quote the Prophet at first teaching his followers: 'Do not strike the female servants of God.' Only when his lieutenant Umar complained about Medinan women disrespecting their husbands (as opposed to the more submissive Meccan wives to whom they were accustomed) did the Prophet allow hitting them. The Hadith continues, describing how a wave of seventy (i.e., many) women subsequently came complaining to the Prophet about their husbands. This led him to declare that those men who beat their wives 'are not the best of you', adding, 'The best of you will not strike them' is some versions of the Hadith.

The canonical Sunni Hadith collections also include recollections of the Prophet's Farewell Sermon, given on Hajj in what would be the final year of his life. One of the parting pieces of wisdom he leaves his followers is the commandment to 'Fear God as concerns your womenfolk, for indeed you took charge of them with God's assurance.' The Prophet further explains that only if a wife allows herself to converse with men against her husband's wishes or, in another version of the Hadith, commits some grievous transgression can the husband strike her, and then only 'with a light blow that leaves no mark'. [...]

All available evidence of Muhammad's own conduct shows a complete aversion to domestic violence.

Jonathan A.C. Brown, Misquoting Muhammad: The Challenge and Choices of Interpreting the Prophet's Legacy



> En fait la religion inventée par Mohamed donne la toute puissance aux hommes. Ces deux extraits, en plus de celui disant que la parole d'une femme vaut la moitié de celle d'un homme permettent aux hommes de violer les femmes puisque jamais leur témoignage ne sera entendu comme celui d'un homme.

You may have that false misconception because of inheritance, but the Qur'an has stated 3 cases for women’s inheritance:

• Woman has equal share to man.
  
• Woman has lil' less share to man.
  
• Woman has half share of man (most common).
  
  Example:
  
  Man w/ a son & daughter leaves a $30,000 inheritance. Son gets $20k, daughter $10k.
  
  But the son’s share of inheritance is decreasing because now the bills are on him. He was to pay for ALL his sister's expenses and the house as well. The daughter isn't required to spend any of her $10k, even if she's already wealthy.
  
  When son gets married, he pays a dowry to his bride, all financial obligations fall on him. When the daughter gets married, she receives a dowry, and no financial obligations fall on her. So when you see a Muslim woman paying expenses, it's a reflection of her kindness, not her responsibilities....She can invest her money or start a business. She isn't required to pay for food, clothes, health care, child care etc.
  
  Hijab - Men and women are both commanded modesty in conduct and dress, not just women.
  
  Marriage - There are many rules and regulations in Islamic jurisprudence governing this. It's not a simple matter of a Muslim man marrying any monotheist woman. The statement you make does make it sound like a preferential treatment of men, but if you take into account the restrictions that go with it, you will find that the core reason is to protect Muslim women from deceiving men.
  
  Multiple wives - Islam does not mandate polygamy, it restricts and limits. It was (and in some parts still is) a necessity due to women of poorer families not being able to provide for themselves and their children without a male breadwinner. Marriage is a legal contract entered into by both men and women voluntarily and with consent. Islam does not force women to marry polygamous men. You will notice that in more developed societies where women can earn a living, polygamy is next to eliminated.
  
  From those examples you can see that Men have certain privileges over women, and women inherently have certain rights over men.
  
  > Si Aicha avait dit non à Mohamed il aurait pu la battre. Une petite fille, au 7e siècle face à un homme adulte qui la possède et qui plus est est chef de guerre ne peut pas dire non. C'est du viol.
  
  Aisha herself said that 'The Messenger of God never struck anything with his hand, not a woman and not a slave, except when making war in the path of God.' http://sunnah.com/muslim/43/108
  And Aisha at 9 years old wasn't a girl, she was mature, physically and mentally. "Women, in hot climates, are marriageable at eight, nine, or ten years of age; [...] They are old at twenty." -- Montesquieu http://www.constitution.org/cm/sol_16.htm So despite her age she was mature.
  In Islam it is prohibited to consume marriage with someone who isn't mature.
  
  See: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hE_zypf8DAU for a more detailed discussion.
  
  By the way one can't have a forced marriage in Islam:
  
  Ibn Abbas reported that a girl came to the Messenger of Allah, and she reported that her father had forced her to marry without her consent. The Messenger of God gave her the choice...(between accepting the marriage or invalidating it) (Ahmad, Hadith no. 2469).
  
  
  > C'est pathétique que vous postiez des liens "pour apprendre". Pourquoi irais-je suivre un Dieu qui autorise la pédophilie, et qui transforme les femmes en propriété de leur mari ?
  
  To know and understand what Islam really is, not what the media or yourself tell you. Actually Islam is one of the only religions which prohibits consuming marriage with childs.
  
  And when the children among you reach puberty, let them ask permission [at all times] as those before them have done. Thus does Allah make clear to you His verses; and Allah is Knowing and Wise. http://quran.com/24/59 also see http://quran.com/4/6 and http://quran.com/4/25.
  
  --------
  
  ^(Part I)

I respect what you’re doing despite being an atheist. There’s a saying of the Prophet Muhammad peace be him which says

“None of you will believe until you love for your brother what you love for yourself." So honestly the greatest thing we possess as Muslims is this religion of ours. Therefore we want to invite others to it. There’s a lot of great contemporary speakers out there who focus on atheism like :

Mohammed Hijab - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHDFNoOk8WOXtHo8DIc8efQ

Abdullah Andalusi

Hamza Tzortzis

Hamza in particular has a book called “ Divine Reality” I would really recommend you give it a read .

The Divine Reality: God, Islam and the Mirage of Atheism https://www.amazon.com/dp/0996545387/ref=cm_sw_r_cp_api_i_gU5sDb0ZR486R

If you want, you can dm me and I’ll buy the book for you.

Do a person's ideas matter?

>Examples are scarcely needed to show that, whatever else we think of as affecting practical affairs, we do not think it matters whether a man is a pessimist or an optimist, a Certesian or a Hegelian, a materialist or a spiritualist. Let me, however, take a random instance. At any innocent tea-table we may easily hear a man say, "Life is not worth living." We regard it as we regard the statement that it is a fine day; nobody thinks that it can possibly have any serious effect on the man or on the world. And yet if that utterance were really believed, the world would stand on its head. Murderers would be given medals for saving men from life; firemen would be denounced for keeping men from death; poisons would be used as medicines; doctors would be called in when people were well; the Royal Humane Society would be rooted out like a horde of assassins. Yet we never speculate as to whether the conversational pessimist will strengthen or disorganize society; for we are convinced that theories do not matter.
>
>---G.K. Chesterton's Heretics, 1905


You cannot separate a person from their ideas. The girl you want to marry is a Muslim woman- her identity is intrinsically tied to her faith. You cannot make the claim you would still want to marry her if she was not raised Muslim.

This is more than enough reason for a rational person to explore Islam with a genuine interest. Explore it seriously and question the presuppositions you've formed that have led you to an atheistic worldview.

The Shahadah is a declaration of two beliefs: The existence of Allah (swt), and the Prophethood of Muhammad (pbuh). Don't get distracted with details or apparent ethical dilemmas that are inaccessible without forming the right assumptions- focus on the two fundamental questions. You don't have to be absolutely convinced before taking your Shahadah, but you must be open to the belief, and you must be committed to living as Muslims do and fostering a relationship with your Lord. So once your ready, take the leap of faith, trust in the One Creator of everything, and live as a Muslim does, in submission to this All Powerful Creator. If you do so sincerely and ask Him for guidance, He will show you the truth.


The Divine Reality: God, Islam & The Mirage Of Atheism | Hamza Tzortzis | Amazon.com

Proofs of Prophethood Series | Yaqeen Institute

• The Accomplishments of the Prophet ﷺ: The Proofs Of Prophethood Series
  
  
• The Message of the Prophet ﷺ: The Proofs of Prophethood Series
  
  
  
• The Character of The Prophet ﷺ: The Proofs of Prophethood Series
  
  
  
• An Ethical and Historical Necessity: The Proofs of Prophethood Series
  
  
  Jonathan Brown - Abiding Stereotypes About the Prophet Muhammad in the Medieval and Modern West
  
  

The Prophet SAWS said:

>The one who strives in jihād in the way of Allah is he who strives against his soul

Sunan at Tirmidhi

You need to keep in mind self-help is really a secular concept. Islam doesn't necessarily have this. The closest analogy, which is still far off, is Tasawuff. You might like Easy Good Deeds by Mufti Taqi Usmani with respect to, well, amassing easy good deeds. There are free classes on SeekersHub on Tasawuff as well based on the works of Imam al Ghazali, these can definitely help yourself. From his works, people derived stuff on time management, on which there is a youtube video. Also see: The Path of Muhammad: A Book on Islamic Morals & Ethics by Imam Birgivi (Spiritual Classics). Its best to set down with a scholar in this sense, however.

I too am an English speaker, and read translations primarily. I hope to learn Arabic, Insha Allah, that I may read Qur'an in the original language. Not only do I believe it has more benefits (per se), but I understand that the miracle of Qur'an is only ascertained when read in Arabic. This is because it is the most illustrious and multifaceted example of Arabic poetry (which in itself is complex, I'm sure).

So, I would suggest definitely trying to learn Arabic. Continue reading translations as well though, as Allah (swt) surely speaks to us through His Word according to the knowledge we have, and what we have available.

An english translation that best exhibits the poetic nature of the Qur'an is the classic translation by Arthur J. Arberry. This version has received a lot of good commentary on both sides.

I linked a paper that debunked the argument that human beings and chimps share a common ancestor because of genetic similarity. I have not engaged in any fallacy whatsoever, you, however, engaged in two in your comment. The first is a straw man because you misrepresented what I said, I specifically said that it debunks genetic similarity. Your second fallacy committed here is called the vested interest fallacy which is as follow:

>The Vested Interest Fallacy occurs when a person argues that someone’s claim or recommended action is incorrect because the person is motivated by their interest in gaining something by it, with the implication that were it not for this vested interest then the person wouldn’t make the claim or recommend the action. Because this reasoning attacks the reasoner rather than the reasoning itself, it is a kind of Ad Hominem fallacy.

http://www.iep.utm.edu/fallacy/#VestedInterest

By saying that the paper is on an Islamic website in no way whatsoever degrades the quality of the research or the arguments presented. Indeed, to say that homo sapiens and chimps share a common ancestor due to genetic similarity has, in fact, been debunked. As for evolution in general see my previous comment. I won't repeat myself.

>How do you know that Islam is true? What is the reason you believe Islam is true?

There are plenty of reasons, I recommend checking out Hamza Tzortzis book, The Divine Reality.

>And your claim that Islam is true is unsubstantiated.

Your claim that the 7 year old who memorized the Quran is being abused and indoctrinated is unsubstantiated. Moreover, your substantiation requires scientism and naturalism which cannot be substantiated itself, because, they are, of course, self refuting and conflicting with one another.

Edit: Fixed an error.

For your case I recommend a great book. It’s called “the divine reality” by Hamza Tzortis. It selves into the philosophy of existence, purpose, and god, not only from an Islamic POV but from an atheist POV as well. It’s a very good read as well. Highly recommend reading it.
https://www.amazon.com/Divine-Reality-Islam-Mirage-Atheism/dp/0996545387

I appreciate your intellectual honesty and I didn't find any of your question insulting.

As for books/lectures, here's a few links to start things off, some of them might be what you're looking for.

Yasir Qadhi has a YTube channel and gave tons of interesting lectures (check this one in which we talks about the theological legitimacy of groups like Al Qaeda or ISIS)

Tariq Ramadan's work which is focused on Islam and modernity.

And although I haven't read it yet, I only heard good things about Jonathan Brown's "Misquoting Muhammad: The Challenge and Choices of Interpreting the Prophet's Legacy".

I speak Arabic and own about 7 translations.

My favorite without a doubt is the translation of Leopold Weiss (Muhammad Asad), you can find it here

After that the best translation is the one by Marmaduke Pickthall, that is here

Then Arberry's translation, I believe he was a non-Muslim and I like that fact, that is here

I would rate Yusuf Ali's translation after these, but not too much worse than Arberry or Pickthall.

Still Muhammad Asad's translation stands head and shoulders above the rest for me.


Other great books that I would possibly even read first are:

Mustansir Mir's Coherence in the Quran

Rosalind Gwynne's Logic, Rhetoric, & Legal Reasoning in the Quran

>Muslims have been debunking atheist arguments for over a millennium. I would recommend reading Hamza Tzortzis's "The Divine Reality: God, Islam & The Mirage Of Atheism". The first chapter is available for free on Amazon. https://www.amazon.com/Divine-Reality-Islam-Mirage-Atheism/dp/0996545387/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1491918002&sr=8-1&keywords=hamza+tzortzis

>There is also plenty of material that is available online for free as well by Muslim authors, they use the standard arguments (i.e. Teleological, Kalam, Contingency). https://asadullahali.com/2015/08/16/the-rationality-of-believing-in-god-without-evidence-part-1/

>Tzortzis's book takes you from atheism to Islam, succinctly.

>but a god, to me sounds like woodo.

I highly advice you to read this book, hopefully it will clear up your doubts about God and give you a different perspective on the issue.

The Divine Reality: God, Islam and the Mirage of Atheism

r/exmuslim is a really good informal source to learn from. Wikiislam, is a more formal source run by the organization, Ex-Muslims of North America. Sometimes their articles aren't well-sourced because it's a work in progress just like Wikipedia. You can of course do your own studying as well:

• Quran ('holy' scripture): www.quran.com
  
• Tafsirs (commentaries on Quranic verses by scholars specializing in Islam. Similar to the Exegesis of the Bible): Ibn Kathir or Jalalayn
  
• Hadiths (small excerpts from Muhammad's life relaying his actions and sayings): www.sunnah.com
  
• Seerah (biographies of Muhammad): The Sealed Nectar | Free version of it on Archive though I can't vouch for it's authenticity

I don't have one off the top of my head, but this issue is mentioned in several classic books of fiqh under evidence. Easiest is to refer you to my friend Jack Brown's new book Misquoting Muhammad wherein he has a lengthy discussion about verse 4:34 and the way that Sharia courts handled this issue from medieval times until today.

The linked tweet was tweeted by @BakkahPubs on 2018-03-03 17:28:15 UTC

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This is a difficult question to answer based on the sources we have available, Kralrick - none of which, again, are contemporary to what happened. The Islamic narrative tells us that Muhammad started his career at the same time he was informed that he was a messenger, or Prophet.

The issue surrounding him being the last Prophet of God is a bit different, though. It wasn't one of the earliest Suras which declared Muhammad to be the last of the Prophets - Khātam al-Nabiyyīn. He is described as the "Seal of the Prophets" in the Qur'an in a Sura that is thought to be revealed later in his career. There is a definite discussion to be had over whether it was always intended that he would be the last.

If this is an area you are particularly interested in, I can't recommend David Power's Muhammad is Not the Father of Any of Your Men: The Making of the Last Prophet highly enough. He spends quite a bit of time engaging with this particular verse. It is an extremely engaging read, although not an easy one for a non-specialist.

Here.
Are.
Some.
Books.

Some.
More.
Books.

Would you like a link to my amazon wishlist to see all the books? There are a lot of non-Islamic stuff there to that you might like.

> What I'm asking is more for people who have genuine philosophical doubts about the very roots of Islam and religion in general.

Get your friend or have them get God, Islam & the Skeptic Mind: A Study on Faith, Science, Religious Diversity, Ethics and Evil. It's available on Amazon.

I also came across The Divine Reality: God, Islam & The Mirage Of Atheism on Amazon but haven't read it myself (just saw it pop up on recommended).

Try Prof Arberry's if you have a sense of the poetic power and beauty of the qur'an. Here is a sample from the surah waqia (he chose to translate as "the Terror " !) .. otherwise, I would maintain that all translations are just a drop in the ocean.

http://www.amazon.com/The-Koran-Interpreted-A-Translation/dp/0684825074

When the Terror descends,

(and none denies its descending),

abasing, exalting.

When the earth shall be rocked,

and the mountains crumbled,

and becomes dust, scattered.

And you shall be three bands,

Companions of the Right (O Companions of the Right!)

Companions of the Left (O Companions of the Left!)

and the Outstrippers; the Outstrippers.

Those are they brought nigh the Throne,

in the Gardens of Delight,

(a throng of the ancients,

and how few of the later folk)..

Like Logical1ty said:

• Amazon link to Misquoting Muhammad if you interested (384 pages)
  
  
• Commonly Misunderstood Hadith Texts (6 min)
  
  
  
• How to Understand Prophetic Speech (25 min)
  
  
• An Introduction to Hadith (64 min)
  

I think it was this book

Martin lings: Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources


The Path of Muhammad: A Book on Islamic Morals & Ethics by Imam Birgivi (Spiritual Classics)

Relevant: The Quest for the Historical Muhammad (Ibn Warraq)

> 'A nation which placed its affairs in the hands of a woman shall never prosper..." (Bukhari 9, 88, 219).
>

Actually, if you read http://www.amazon.ca/Misquoting-Muhammad-Challenge-Interpreting-Prophets/dp/178074420X

the author explains that hadith to have something to with the situation at the time when it was said so it's not a universal rule.

Currently Syariah Courts (Criminal Jurisdiction) Act 1965 limits the Shariah courts including Kelantan to sentences of any combination of maximum of three years in jail, RM 5,000 in fine and six strokes of rotan, so the recently passed amendments to Kelantan's Syariah Criminal Code II 1993 cannot be implemented yet even if you're Muslim. Secondly, Syariah courts has jurisdictions over only items specifically listed in (Senarai II Jadual 9 perlembagaan persekutuan) which does not contain power over criminal matters. Thirdly, (Senarai II Jadual 1 perlembagaan persekutuan) (later). IF Pas managed to table and pass a private bill in parliament to amend the act and (Senarai 11 Jadual 9 Perlembagaan Persekutuan) then only can the Hudud law be carried out in full.

Senarai II—Senarai Negeri

> Kecuali mengenai Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Labuan dan Putrajaya, hukum Syarak dan undang-undang diri dan keluarga bagi orang yang menganut agama Islam, termasuk hukum Syarak yang berhubungan dengan pewarisan, berwasiat dan tidak berwasiat, pertunangan, perkhawinan, perceraian, mas kahwinafkah, pengangkatan, kesahtarafan, penjagaan, alang, pecah milik dan amanah bukan khairat; Wakaf dan takrif serta pengawalseliaan amanah khairat dan agama, pelantikan pemegang amanah dan pemerbadanan orang berkenaan dengan derma kekal agama dan khairat, institusi, amanah, khairat dan institusi khairat Islam yang beroperasi keseluruhannya di dalam Negeri; adat Melayu; Zakat, Fitrah dan Baitulmal atau hasil agama Islam yang seumpamanya; masjid atau mana-mana tempat sembahyang awam untuk orang Islam, pewujudan dan penghukuman kesalahan yang dilakukan oleh orang yang menganut agama Islam terhadap perintah agama itu, kecuali berkenaan dengan perkara yang termasuk dalam Senarai Persekutuan; keanggotaan, susunan dan tatacara mahkamah Syariah, yang hendaklah mempunyai bidang kuasa hanya ke atas orang yang menganut agama Islam dan hanya berkenaan dengan mana-mana perkara yang termasuk dalam perenggan ini, tetapi tidak mempunyai bidang kuasa berkenaan dengan kesalahan kecuali setakat yang diberikan oleh undang-undang persekutuan; mengawal pengembangan doktrin dan kepercayaan di kalangan orang yang menganut agama Islam; penentuan perkara mengenai hukum dan doktrin Syarak dan adat Melayu.

edit: the rest removed.

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UNDANG-UNDANG MALAYSIA PERLEMBAGAAN PERSEKUTUAN Mengandungi pindaan terkini - P.U.(A) 164
/2009

The Eternal Message of Muhammad

The Life of Muhammad

Islamic Perspectives: Studies in Honour of Sayyidd Abul A'la Maudoodi (Perspectives on Islam)

Also recommend this book:

http://www.amazon.com/Misquoting-Muhammad-Challenge-Interpreting-Prophets/dp/178074420X

Excerpt:

> Until the collision with the modern West, no Muslim scholar of any consequence ever advocated that the Qur’an be read alone. They might dispute on all else, but the varied sects of Islam all agreed that Muslims should under no circumstances read the Qur’an in a vacuum. Islam’s sects shared two foundational principles: that the Sunna of the Prophet rules over and interprets the Qur’an, and that the Prophet’s interpretive authority had been passed on to those authorities who were to lead the community after his death. Where sects diverged was over how and by whom this Sunna was known and who had the authority to speak in the Prophet’s name. For Sunnis it was transmitted and known by the Muslim community as a whole, borne via the twin routes of the Hadiths, which recorded the Prophet’s words, and the inherited teachings of the early Muslim generations, spoken for by the community’s often cacophonous body of ulama. Taken together, this was the Sunni tradition, in which the authority of God and His Prophet could coalesce from the riot of stentorian voices and express itself fully in instances of consensus (ijma‘). Shiites believed that the Prophet’s teachings were inherited by particular lines of his descendants. The esoteric knowledge of the religion and the ability to interpret infallibly the Qur’an’s layers of hidden meaning passed from father to designated son like bloodlines. Those descendants designated in succession as Imams spoke with the authority of the Prophet. Further sectarian splintering into Imami (Twelver) and Ismaili (Sevener) schools followed disagreements over which line transmitted this hidden ‘ilm.
>
> [...]
>
> Although he had once relished the Ottoman scourge that God sent against the Antichrist Papacy, Luther despised Islam as much as any bishop he condemned. If the Saxon monk had ever managed a visit to Istanbul or Damascus he would have met with a mixed reaction among his Muslim counterparts. His rejection of highly derivative papal canon law, the scholastic theology of Aquinas (with its adoption of pagan Greek logic) and his conviction that Church tradition had departed from the original scripture of the Bible would have endeared him to proto-Salafi contemporaries like the Ottoman iconoclast Shaykh Mehmet Birgili or the followers of Ibn Taymiyya. But the corollary that tradition should be jettisoned and that each believer should return to the original scriptures of the Old and New Testaments would have provoked roars of laughter.

Read Al Tabari. But this has been mentioned in the sunnas and the Quran as well.

The prophet of Islam himself was responsible for the massacre of 900 Jews, massacre of meccan polytheists and sex slavery of their women and girls. Muhammad approved of the ruling to kill all the males and take women and girls as sex slaves, calling it similar to God's judgment. Mohammad himself took a woman as a slave. He was later poisoned by a woman from the same tribe, and suffered the last 3 years of his life before he ultimately died.

Source : https://www.amazon.com/Muhammad-Messenger-Hajjah-Amina-Adil/dp/1930409117

http://www.justislam.co.uk/images/Ibn%20Ishaq%20-%20Sirat%20Rasul%20Allah.pdf (start from page 461)

He was also quoted about 90 times in the Koran as an example of a "perfect muslim"

http://www.inquiryintoislam.com/2010/08/sacredness-of-mohammads-example.html

He was not a peaceful man, or a "perfect man". Yet his morality is the standard for 1.3b muslims today.

Edit : There I linked it