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I keep a list of resources for European Portuguese. Pasting it below. Good luck!



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Audio Courses

Michel Thomas uses European Portuguese.

http://www.michelthomas.com/learn-portuguese.php

The focus is spoken language, and I really like their teaching methods. Note the very first lesson uses a beep to remind you to pause and answer questions yourself. It is annoying in my opinion, but they stop doing it after the first lesson.


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Written Courses

(Note the books below are in Portuguese! If you're a beginner then this is only good if you have a tutor. If you're intermediate level books then it should work too. There is a book in English further down below)

The orthography of Portuguese changed recently (the so called AO90 orthographic agreement). So you should make sure written material complies with the new system.

This is the section of Portuguese for Foreigners in Wook, a really nice online bookstore in Portugal.

http://m.wook.pt/home/index?restricts=8066x5839x18010x18163

This one makes it explicit that it follows the new orthographic agreement so it's a very safe bet.

http://wook.pt/ficha?id=11352870

These also follow the orthographic agreement. Learning book plus exercises. Looks quite nice.

http://wook.pt/ficha?id=196038
http://wook.pt/ficha?id=222484



The FNAC bookstore in Portugal also has quite a few. This collection seems pretty good. They comply with the new orthography. Made at the university of Lisbon.

http://www.fnac.pt/Aprender-Portugues-1-Nivel-A1-A2-Manual-do-Aluno-Varios/a620488

http://www.fnac.pt/Aprender-Portugues-1-Nivel-A1-A2-Caderno-de-Exercicios-Varios/a623474

Those are the level 1 learning and exercise books. You can find the reminder on the website. Look for the ones with similar covers:

http://pesquisa.fnac.pt/SearchResult/ResultList.aspx?SCat=0%211&Search=Aprender+portugu%C3%AAs&submitbtn=%EF%84%8B&sft=1&sa=0

Here is a European Portuguese manual in English:

http://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/aw/d/0992959209/qid=1459940549

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Apps

By the Portuguese Government

The Portuguese Government just released a brand new Portuguese learning platform. May still be a bit green but give it a go. More content will be added soon.

https://pptonline.acm.gov.pt/

In the thread about this app some people didn't like that it asked for phone number, but apparently you can just fill it with zeros.


Memrise

'Memrise' has European Portuguese flashcards. Note Memrise is also available as a mobile app.

http://www.memrise.com/course/1121957/portuguese-european-1/


https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.memrise.android.memrisecompanion


Learn Portuguese - 6000 words

Has flashcards and more.

https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.memrise.android.memrisecompanion

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Online courses - Portuguese Government

The Instituto Camões (IC), founded by the Portuguese Government, provides online courses for foreign students (amongst many other services). Here is a promo clip

The IC courses range from beginner to advanced (A1, A2, B1, B2, C1). There is also a beginner's course geared towards Spanish speakers.

http://www.instituto-camoes.pt/activity/centro-virtual/portugues-para-estrangeiros

There are also courses to meet specialised needs. Such as Portuguese for Law, Business, Journalism, or Creative Writing.

http://www.instituto-camoes.pt/activity/centro-virtual/portugues-para-fins-especificos

As well as specialised courses for advanced students, in e.g. Translation and Linguistcs Information Technology, or in History and Sociology of Portuguese.

http://www.instituto-camoes.pt/activity/centro-virtual/cursos-de-especializacao

There's also courses for teachers and others. See their full range of classes here:

http://www.instituto-camoes.pt/activity/o-que-fazemos/aprender-portugues



Online courses - Others

The 'Practise Portuguese' site teaches European Portuguese.

https://www.practiceportuguese.com/

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Online one-on-one lessons

The 'Portuguese with Carla' online lessons site seems quite professional.

http://www.portuguesewithcarla.com/

There is also of course italki.

https://www.italki.com/

and verbling

https://verbling.com (you can add keywords in your query, so you may e.g. add "Portugal" to find Portuguese teachers)

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Group Practice

Due to their nature, it's not guaranteed there will be European Portuguese speakers in group practice. But chances are there will be.

There is a skype group for practise, see the sticky on /r/Portuguese

https://www.reddit.com/r/Portuguese/comments/37ujy9/skype_group_for_portuguese/

Verbling has communities

https://verbling.com/community

There are also Telegram Communities. Check out this post by Captain-Davy. Currently the Portuguese groups are:

Beginner's portuguese: https://telegram.me/joinchat/CLreZz5qWfJ9piwjA95EXg

Advanced Portuguese: https://telegram.me/joinchat/CLreZz4Squ-j88gFg9zZ_w

Portuguese Voice Only: https://telegram.me/joinchat/CLreZz6LIHPwj-9Q6HxsqA

For info in case the links become outdated, pm @polyglossiabot.



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Language Exchange

Hellotalk has a good reputation.

http://www.hellotalk.com/
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.hellotalk

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Reading Material

The op-ed by Lucy Pepper in the online news site Observador, always each piece in both Portuguese and English (she's originally British, living in Portugal for 25 years).

http://observador.pt/opiniao/autor/lucy/

The Portuguese version always comes first. Scroll down for the English text.

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Portuguese TV and radio

There is RTP Play. It includes all the RTP (public television) TV channels and radio. Both live and on demand.

http://www.rtp.pt/play/

There are apps available.

http://www.rtp.pt/wportal/sites/tv/mobile/apps.php

Using the app, some of the content has subtitles in Portuguese. One such example would be the series "Bem-vindos a beirais". Go to search (pesquiar), look up "beirais", choose a recent episode, and activate CC on the player.

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Subtitled Documentaries on YouTube

Here is a Portuguese Documentary about punk rock with subtitles in English

https://youtu.be/Zk7eDn6YWQs

Here is a channel with quite a few Portuguese documentaries, many with subtitles

https://youtube.com/user/personanongratapic

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Educational Podcasts

"Say it in Portuguese" is a podcast about European Portuguese expressions. Intended for students of the language but fully in Portuguese, so not for absolute beginners.

http://sayitinportuguese.pt

PsyLogicDrawing is a pop science, psychology channel. The narration is slow enough, and the enunciation is great. Plus you have subtitles available.

http://www.youtube.com/PsyLogicDrawing


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Music

One way to immerse yourself in the language is listening to music. Even if you don't understand it, you get used to the sounds and pick a word here and there.

You can also read the lyrics and once you know the lyrics every time you listen to the song you're reinforcing those words. (Keeping in mind music lyrics are often poetic and don't follow the usual rules of grammar)

For Portuguese bands check out:

/r/somluso

There's also the music discovery sub for music all Portuguese speaking countries:

/r/musicanova

Also see these threads with lyric music videos in /r/Portuguese.

(Part 1) http://www.reddit.com/r/portuguese/comments/49e33p//

(Part 2) https://www.reddit.com/r/Portuguese/comments/4lkfrs/a_few_music_videos_with_lyrics_european/

(Part 3) https://www.reddit.com/r/Portuguese/comments/4vi7ay/a_few_music_videos_with_lyrics_european/

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Certification

The Instituto Camões provides live certification around the world.

http://www.instituto-camoes.pt/activity/o-que-fazemos/aprender-portugues/certificacao-de-aprendizagens

Adding to what's been said,

• It's a great time for you to come, since the euro just sank with respect to the dollar. Everything will be much cheaper for you than it'd have been, say a year ago.
  
  
• You're not expected to tip as you do in the US. Locals either don't tip at all or just round the price up and let them keep the change. Unless they really want to show gratitude for some particular reason. That said if you do want to tip some 20% and put a big smile on people's faces, hey go for it.
  
  
• If you don't mind carrying your luggage from the airport when you arrive, the cheapest option is to take the subway to the centre.
  
  
• Uber is now available in Lisbon. Both the expensive UberBlack and the cheap UberX. It's also available in Porto.
  
  
• There's also a mobile Taxi application that covers Lisbon and a few other cities. It's called Meo Taxi.
  
  
  
• Mobile payment systems aren't big in Portugal yet. In any case you have MeoWallet available for both Android and iPhone. It is slowly making its way particularly in Lisbon. Here's a list of businesses that accept it. Note that you can use PayPal from MeoWallet, aside from credit card, or a regular top up via transfer. There's a new competitor around (SEQR), but not sure how much they cover.
  
  
• Quite a few banks in Portugal support transfers via MoneyGram. That may turn out useful.
  
  
• The most popular classifieds website in Portugal is OLX. The interface is rather shitty to be honest, compared with sites like Gumtree available abroad. But it does the job.
  
  
• In Observador, one of the newest and most popular online newsites in Portugal, the opinion column by Lucy Pepper is written in both Portuguese and English. Just click her articles and scroll down for the English version.
  
  
• The pirate bay has just been blocked, as were a bunch of mirrors. Either use any other among the gazillion torrent sites available, or some TPB mirror that hasn't been blocked, or switch to OpenDNS or Googles Public DNS, or install some chrome extension, or use a VPN.
  
  
• I'm not big on drinks and drugs, but as you probably know already, the drinking age is 18 years old, and drug consumption is decriminalised (meaning if you're holding a small amount for consumption that's fine). Don't want to sound like a dad but, whatever you do, do it responsibly though.
  
  
• You should go see the gorgeous Palace of Pena (Palácio da Pena), in Sintra, which is next to Lisbon. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. And just recently considered the most beautiful castle in Europe by 'European Best Destinations'.
  
  
  
• A road trip down the coast, to see beaches and little towns of Alentejo and Algarve may be totally worth it. Particularly some of the less touristy sites.
  
  
• Everyone drives a gear stick in Portugal (or Europe for that matter). If you need to rent an automatic may be sure to specify it.
  
  
  
• The Portuguese language is 5th in terms of number of native speakers, and 8th in total number of speakers. And Portuguese, Spanish and English are the 3 european languages whose number of speakers is growing.
  
  
• If you want to dabble in European Portuguese before moving over, the Michel Thomas Beginners Portuguese may be a good choice. You can buy it or... er... stumble over it on the interwebs. The focus of the Thomas method is on spoken rather than written language. It gets you to understand basics quickly.
  
  
  
  

Não é nada ridículo, há um estigma muito grande em relação a isso... Um psicólogo, mais que um psiquiatra, penso que seria muito bom para o teu caso! Nem que seja através da escola! Experimenta saber sobre isso, se há algum psicólogo na tua escola, se sim aproveita.

Para já estares a fazer a repetir pela 3ª vez o 10 já deves ter alguma idade, portanto podes ir a um psicólogo sozinho sem dizer nada a ninguém. Se for os da escola melhor ainda, pois não pagas.

Não precisas de lhe dizer 'eu amo-te', se tiveres outras formas de o demonstrar, não há problema nenhum em não o verbalizares. Há várias formas de demonstrares o teu amor. Há um livro que fala sobre isso, penso que se chama 'as linguages do amor' e que seja este, onde refere cinco formas diferentes e todas elas perfeitamente válidas das pessoas demonstrarem o seu amor.

Se isso te magoa, essa tua incapacidade de te exprimires, deves mesmo procurar ajuda especializada. Quanto mais cedo mais rápido vês melhorias neste aspecto da tua vida! =)

As u/Parshath_ said, the best for you wold be going on amazon and search for Delta or Sical coffee. I personally love Delta Timor, Sical is also pretty good.

The Portuguese: A Modern History, by Barry Hatton

Hattton has been a correspondent in Portugal since the 80s but did a wonderful job tracing portuguese culture and habits hundreds of years to realize that the national attitude pretty much remained the same. My favorite part was how passive the portuguese were during the Napoleonic invasions (spoiler alert: the royal family gave so few fucks that it immediately abandoned the country).

Eu começava por conviver um bocado com o pessoal da cerveja para conhecer mais sobre cerveja, trocar impressões e umas dicas em pessoa.

No Porto:

• Catraio - Craft Beer Shop
  
  
• Letraria - Craft Beer Garden
  
  
• Armazém da Cerveja
  
  
  Em Lisboa:
  
  
• Zymology
  
  
• Cerveteca Lisboa
  
  
  Aposto que há mais locais no resto do país mas, assim de cabeça, vieram-me estes... Outra boa opção é visitar festivais onde podes conhecer os cervejeiros, aficionados, ouvir musica, beber cerveja e conviver!
  
  
• Caminha - Art Beer Fest (13 a 16 de Julho)
  
  
• Porto - Porto Beer Fest (14 a 18 de Junho)
  
  
• Faro - Alameda Beer Fest (7 a 9 de Julho)
  
  
• Sertã - PROVART (25 a 25 de Junho)
  
  
• Évora - Um Festival do Caneco (14 a 16 de Julho)
  
  
  Depois disso é simples. Começa por fazer cerveja de kit de extrato. Com jeitinho gastas uns €50 em equipamento (que vai servir-te anos) e €15 em ingredientes. Estes kits são mesmo simples de usar e servem bem para aprender algumas das bases da cerveja sem teres que te preocupar com os aspetos mais delicados (como a brassagem). À medida que lhe vais ganhando o gosto vais podendo investir mais ou menos dinheiro até comprares um moinho, algumas panelas e fazeres a cerveja mesmo a partir do cereal.
  
  
  
• Porto - Loja da Cerveja Artesanal (Sovina)
  
  
• Gondomar - Loja do Cervejeiro
  
  
• Lisboa - Oficina da Cerveja
  
  
  
  A partir daí o google e o youtube são amigos dependendo de quanto queres ou não gastar. Tens aqui alguns vídeos que te recomendo:
  
  
• Craft Beer - A Hopumentary
  
  
• Beer Culture - The movie
  
  Estes dois são bons para "entrar no espírito" da coisa.
  
  
  Para aprender a fazer cerveja a partir de Kit podes ver estes vídeos da BrewUk (boa loja) que mostram tudo direitinho. Lembra-te que o mais importante é a higiene e lavar bem todo o equipamento!!
  
  
  No youtube recomendo-te muito o canal Brewing TV e o The Craft Beer Channel.
  
  
  Se te começares a envolver e a gostar a sério da coisa recomendo-te que leias estes livros:
  
  
• How to Brew do John Palmer
  
  
• Tasting Beer do Randy Mosher
  
  
• Mastering Home Brew também do Randy Mosher
  
  
• Designing Great Beers do Ray Daniels
  
  
  Um livro que a mim me ajudou também imenso foi o Extreme Brewing e o Brewing Up a Business do Sam Calagione (dono da Dogfish Head) se bem que estes dois livros são menos "informativos" e de leitura mais leve. Ainda assim eu acho que o estilo mais relaxado torna-os de leitura mais fácil que os outros (que são considerados bíblias da cerveja) sobretudo para quem está a começar.
  
  
  Fora isso acredita, o importante é comer e beber cerveja! Conversa com o pessoal e divertir-te com isto tudo! Aprendes mais às vezes numa tarde a beber uns finos com o pessoal num bar de cerveja artesanal do que num dia a ler em casa!
  
  
  Espero que isto te ajude a ti ou alguém que esteja com a "pulga" atrás da orelha! Mas se tiveres perguntas ou dúvidas estás à vontade. :)
  
  
  Se alguém quiser acrescentar alguma coisa por favor que o faça! Cerveja artesanal é sobre troca de ideias! :)

One of the most amazing life stories I definitely recommend looking up is Fernão Mendes Pinto and his work "Peregrinação" (Pilgrimage). He as a common man spent 20 years roaming the Orient in the 16th century fulfilling roles from sailor to soldier to monk, ambassator, merchant, pirate and slave, and according to his account was one of the first europeans to reach Japan, as well as inland China.

There was an english version made by a man named Maurice Collis that I read, but it was an early 20th century book and I felt it was sort of old fashioned. Here is one in Amazon, though eh, it's kind of pricey.

Another which I recommend looking up (And which has an actual english translation for once) is Miguel de Castanhoso's first hand account of the 400 men expedition of Cristóvão da Gama, one of Vasco da Gama's sons, to aid the kingdom of Ethiopia from collapsing against the neighboring Sultanate of Adal who had the aid of Ottoman Janissaries. The Emperor of Ethiopia, as we know, was the mythical Prester John of Indies.

Here's a scan of a translation of his work, and here is a place with updated reprints.

As for the explorers it's technically only considered an "explorer" someone who's the first to reach a place previously unknown either by humans completely or at least the people in the homeland. So yeah, Vasco da Gama discovered the sea route to India, Pêro da Covilhã walked his way to Ethiopia in the 15th century, and António de Andrade is considered the first european to reach Tibet, to name a few.

Cabral is considered to have discovered Brazil in 1500 "oficially", for we suspect it was already known to the portuguese before that.

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Yes, I can recommend a few though some may have slight inaccuracies:

1: http://www.amazon.co.uk/The-Hour-Europe-Western-Yugoslavia/dp/030016629X

2: http://www.amazon.co.uk/Blueprints-House-Divided-Constitutional-Conflicts/dp/0472087568/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1420148470&sr=1-1&keywords=yugoslav+conflict

3: http://www.amazon.co.uk/Bosnia-Short-History-Noel-Malcolm/dp/0330412442/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1420148487&sr=1-1&keywords=noel+malcolm+a+history+of+bosnia


And a great TV documentary:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bzvNZz-X-50

Boas, vou tentar dar-te uma resposta abrangente mas directa. Googla tudo o que precisares de perceber melhor - uma pesquisa que irias precisar de fazer de qualquer as formas.

• Idealmente precisarias de um co-founder técnico na equipa visto que neste momento não tens como executar. Mas tens um ponto a teu favor: domain expertise. Além disso, o teu ponto de partida é resolver um problema real, o que é bom (vs. "tive uma ideia de negócio"). Melhor ainda por estares a construir para ti mesmo ("scratch your own itch"). Que mais valias tens nesse teu grupo de colegas? Coisas como sales ou marketing digital são úteis.
  
  
• Por falar em "colegas de trabalho". Quantos são? Historicamente equipas com 2-3 co-founders têm melhor performance. (uma das maiores causas de insucesso em startups são cofounder issues)
  
  
• Não penses "tenho uma ideia para uma app", pensa em termos de modelo de negócio. Responde a questões fundamentais como "quem vai usar esta app?", "como faço dinheiro com isto?", "que recursos preciso para montar este negócio?", "como faço isto chegar ao utilizador?", etc. Saca este canvas como ponto de partida.
  
  
• Neste momento falta-te capacidade de execução. Só há duas maneiras de a adquirires: ou arranjas um co-founder técnico (muito difícil) ou pagas por ela.
  
  
• Pagar pela execução não é assim tão caro como estás a antecipar. Só tens de redesenhar o produto. Qual é a versão mais primitiva e básica do produto que te permite provar que o negócio é viável, ie, que a consegues vender a users? Se calhar não precisas de uma app pronta. Se calhar bastam-te mockups do UI. Reúne o pessoal à volta de um quadro branco e risca todos os features da app que não são essenciais. Depois de fazerem isso, continuem a riscar. Pega nesses features e pede orçamentos a developers. Com 2.000€ já é possível fazer um MVP decente. (Googla Minimum Viable Product).
  
  
• Com o MVP que valide a tua ideia (prove que tens pessoas dispostas a dar-te dinheiro pelo teu produto) é mais fácil recrutar um co-founder técnico a troco de equity e/ou angariar investimento para pagar mais desenvolvimento (nota: o desenvolvimento nunca acaba).
  
  
• Lê o máximo que puderes sobre o assunto. Três livros bons: 1, 2, 3.
  
  
• Rodeia-te de pessoas que já o tenham feito.
  
  EDIT: Não te metas nisso porque "fazer startups é cool" ou porque "dá dinheiro". É difícil para crl e há muitas maneiras mais fáceis de fazer dinheiro. A probabilidade é falhares.
  
  EDIT 2: Uma startup não é uma versão miniatura de uma empresa grande. Maior parte dos princípios de gestão que se aprende numa business school não se aplicam.

> Desculpa, não sabes do que estás a falar.

Sinceramente, cada vez tenho menos paciência para ti.

> Programar é fácil. É apenas a definição de instruções de maneira a expressar um algoritmo.

Nunca na minha vida vi a palavra "programar" ser interpretada com esse significado. Para além qualquer curso de programação (independentemente do nível) requer que se faça mais que isso.

Quanto ao significado da palavra programar. Começando pelo básico, i.e. wikipedia.

> "Computer programming (often shortened to programming) is a process that leads from an original formulation of a computing problem to executable computer programs. Programming involves activities such as analysis, developing understanding, generating algorithms, verification of requirements of algorithms including their correctness and resources consumption, and implementation"

Se quiseres ler livros sobre o assunto, alguns clássicos são,

Systematic Programming: An Introduction - Niklaus Wirth

The Art of Computer Programming - Donald Knuth

The Science of Programming - David Gries

The Algebra of Programming - Richard Bird, Oege de Moor

The Mathematics of Programming - Tony Hoare

E porque sei que ler livros dá muito trabalho, ficam algumas quotes,

Edsger Dijkstra

> "Programming is one of the most difficult branches of applied mathematics; the poorer mathematicians had better remain pure mathematicians."



Tony Hoare

>"Programming is a mathematical activity. Like other branches of applied mathematics and engineering, its successful practice requires determined and meticulous application of traditional methods of mathematical understanding, calculation and proofs"

https://www.amazon.co.uk/SoundMAGIC-E10C-Isolating-Earphones-Microphone-Silver/dp/B01H3F0SDI/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&qid=1542358876&sr=8-2&keywords=soundmagic&th=1


Tenhos estes ha uns 2 ou 3 anos, com uso diário (na secretária, mas muitas vezes em transportes também). Até agora não tive problema absolutamente nenhum. O cabo é dos melhores que vi em phones, é mais "rijo" não se embrulha tão facilmente e parece ser mais duradouro.

Universidade do Porto -> https://sigarra.up.pt/up/pt/web_base.gera_pagina?p_pagina=programas-de-apoio-empreendedorismo

ANJE -> http://www.anje.pt/portal

Recomendo também a leitura de -> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Model_Canvas

Livro -> https://www.amazon.co.uk/Business-Model-Generation-Visionaries-Challengers/dp/0470876417

Boa sorte!