Reddit mentions of The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Physics (Oxford Handbooks)

A great book to check out is Worldviews by DeWitt. It's a strong introduction to the history and philosoohy of science that I've had recommended to me. Cohen's The Birth of a New Physics is one of the books I used in my Phil of Sci course and I enjoyed it quite a bit. Maudlin's Philosophy of Physics is highly reviewed.

From a historical perspective The Mind has No Sex is a facinsting exploration on the role of sex and gender in physiology. I believe philosophy of biology is picking up recently, and amazon search for that should give a good series of anthologies to look through.

A good place to start is always the Very Short Introduction series, which covers a lot of the specific topics in brief. Alternatively, the Oxford Handbook series Phil of Physics or Phil of Biology offer a huge range of topics and essays, but they're a little pricey.

Edit: Achinstein's works are what I usually reference. He has an anthology out covering a large range of historical and contemporary philosophy of language.