Reddit mentions of Moon California Fishing: The Complete Guide to Fishing on Lakes, Streams, Rivers, and the Coast (Moon Outdoors)

You can salt water fish off most piers in LA - Malibu, Manhattan Beach, Santa Monica, Redondo. Or just pull off the side of the road and cast off any sea wall. You are mostly looking at perch, maybe an occasional halibut or sand bass. Not the hottest action. I'd assume the same for San Diego, but I do not know the pier names. The action for LA and SD is on the offshore boats - highly recommend doing a 3/4 day trip on a boat. You may still be able to get in on the yellowtail action in October, but that is where the bass are too. In California, you can buy one fishing license that covers both saltwater and freshwater - make sure it covers both.

https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/Licensing/Fishing#758845-items--fees

Seattle has water everywhere. I do not know about their salt water fishing, but check to see if salmon season is still open.

Finally, Yosemite itself is somewhat lacking in fishing due to the heavy crowds. You can do alright on the outskirts of the park. But the Sierra Nevadas in general have great fishing. North of Yosemite is the Walker River, which has some fun fly fishing. There is also lots of water and guide shops around Mammoth Lakes, south of Yosemite. Trout season should still be open, but check to be safe, you're close to the end.

This book is the Bible:

https://www.amazon.com/Moon-California-Fishing-Complete-Outdoors/dp/1612381669/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1473778180&sr=8-1&keywords=california+fishing