Reddit mentions of Smith Optics Elite Aegis Echo Eyeshield Field Kit, Yellow/Tan

While you're there, you can grab a pair of Aegis Echos, designed with ultra-thin wings to fit under earpro without breaking the seal, bought mine with the muffs in the OP and they work out great.

Taking an introductory gun safety/technique course like the NRA First Steps Pistol course would definitely be a huge help to you. Look for one in your area.

Answers to your questions:

1. There is no danger to simply loading the magazines. The rounds will not go off unless you put a loaded magazine in the gun, rack the slide, and pull the trigger. I do not recommend putting a loaded magazine in the gun until you are more familiar with gun safety and handling.
   
   
2. Having an unloaded gun/magazines in a case with the ammo stored separately is legally the "safest" way to transport a firearm to the range. Keeping everything empty and the ammo separate will avoid any potential hassle, though your local laws may allow you to transport a loaded mag/gun.
   
   
3. Keep everything cased until you're at your port. It's likely a rule at the range and if it isn't, it's just good safety practice.
   
   
4. I suggest you invest in quality eye protection that meets MIL-PRF-31013 standards for ballistic protection. Eye protection that meets this standard will do a MUCH better job of protecting your eyes than ANSI Z87/regular eyeglasses will. This test sums it up pretty well. The TLDR is that the commonly seen ANSI Z87+ standard that most inexpensive eye protection is tested to isn't very relevant to the kinds of projectiles and velocities shooters deal with, and will have a much greater chance of failing when you need it the most. I like the Smith Aegis Echo because they fit extremely well under my favorite earmuffs.
   
   
5. Observe the rules of gun safety at ALL times. Bring/buy at least twice as much ammo as you think you'll need. Have fun.