(Part 2) Reddit mentions: The best information theory books

I know I can be verbose so I hope you'll indulge me further. I'd like to further clarify my point. I'm not saying that all music is innately related to the harmonic series, I'm saying that the way we perceive music is innately related to the harmonic series and that fact, for the most part, explains the formation and development of the western musical tradition. That doesn't mean that all music has to be related to the harmonic series (Babbitt's music could only exist within equal temperament), nor does it prescribe a normative value for music (as Babbitt seemed to fear).

In regards to linking sources: I sincerely apologize for the lack of academic rigor in what I'm about to say; however, I must admit I've studied this stuff for quite a while so I'm not sure exactly where each bit came from.

I will say, however, that if you are familiar with Hermann von Helmholtz's On the Sensations of Tone and Harry Partch's Genesis of a music then most of what I said will not be new to you. General reading of modern psycho-acoustics will fill in the blanks, especially in regards to the missing fundamental phenomena and the importance thereof. James Tenney was also very influential in my thinking about harmony. His writing on harmonic space and on the definition and history of consonance are quite important. On some quick research and skimming, this seems to be basically echoing my main point, but don't hold me to it as I haven't read the whole thing yet. Additional reading might be the first half of this paper by the composer Marc Sabat.

If you had a more specific problem with any one of my arguments point it out to me and I'll find a citation for it.

>This is quite misleading, unfortunately. I'm not an expert on pianos, but I'm willing to bet that the low-pitched strings show the most distortion/deviation from perfectly harmonic partials. This is enough to explain why chords played in this register sound dissonant. You can try playing low-pitched chords with a synthesized sound or with another instrument (say, an organ) and they will sound clean.

When you say "distortion/deviation" from perfectly harmonic partials, I have a few questions. First, are you talking about the practice in piano tuning of octave stretching, or the large amount of inharmonicity in the piano's tone, or both? Second, perhaps you can be more specific in what your argument is. You seem here to be agreeing that the harmonic series and the relationships contained within are the basis of our appreciation of consonance. If that is the case, and western harmony is based on the relationship of consonance and dissonance, how could you argue that the harmonic series is not the basis of western harmony?

Regardless, the same effect is heard throughout the orchestra, not just in the piano. This isn't because of the way the specific instruments vibrate in their low range, but rather because of how imprecise our hearing gets down there.

Just for fun, I threw together a little experiment. I made a sound file with a short cadence at the range of middle C and then again at the bottom of the piano (around A0). This happens three times, the first as sine waves, the second as sawtooth waves, and the third as square waves. I think you'll agree that any significant sense of what's going on harmonically is unrealistic at the low range, though the experiment isn't great because I know exactly what I'm listening for and I might fool myself. I think that without priming and if I am being honest with myself I cannot hear anything more specific than a resolution and even that is weak.

>This seems like an unnecessary explanation, given how ubiquitous stepwise motion is in melodies. Most probably, we like stepwise motion in 'harmony' for the same reason we like it in monody. (Following Schenker and Westergaard, I tend to see "harmony" as simply a vertical composition of melodic lines.)

This may be a significant place of disagreement between us, as I have precisely the opposite view. For me, melody is broken harmony at most (an unaccompanied monophonic line), and a side effect of harmonic movement at least (counterpoint). However, I also didn't quite know what you meant when you said stepwise motion.

I thought you were referring to the trend in western music to move from arpeggiation and wide intervals to stepwise voice leading and eventually, by the late romantic, chromatic counterpoint. I was attempting to explain that progression within music history.

In regards to unaccompanied melody, I have to believe that the predominance of stepwise motion comes from the comparative ease of singing steps as opposed to the difficulty of singing leaps. Even closely related intervals such as fifths, are probably more difficult to sing then just ascending or descending steps. So in the case of melody alone, without harmonic context, the appeal of stepwise motion is probably just that. You'll find in brass music that stepwise motion is markedly less popular (and if you go back far enough, not even possible). This is precisely because playing within the harmonic series is way more natural for those instruments.

In any case, the pitches you are stepping to, however, may be and probably are (if you are within the western music tradition) innately related to the harmonic series.

You need to know some programming to develop a model, if you learn web scraping that will be enough to gather data for a model. You should be able to learn how to do this online.

For books, I'd highly recommend reading these:

Fortune's Forumula - A great book about the Kelly Criterion but touches on a whole range of subjects, a fantastic read.

The Signal and the Noise - Very famous book about prediction in general.

Conquering Risk - Very good book about sports betting (relatively unknown)

Calculated Bets - About creating a model and automated betting system for a relatively unknown sport.

Who's #1? - A book about rankings systems, aimed at ranking sports teams but the authors previously wrote a book on ranking websites (like google search algorithm type stuff). The basis for my dota model came from this book.


I'd recommend everyone to read Fortune's Formula and The Signal and the Noise, even people not interested in modelling. They're both awesome reads.

Calculated bets is a pretty cool read if you're interested in modelling, the author has a really quirky writing style that's entertaining.

Conquering risk is basically about exploiting bookmakers, picking off mistakes. Not really about modelling but still pretty cool.

Who's #1 is a really good intro to making a model for predicting sports imo, there's some very simple ones that will get you started.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_field_theory

http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/quantum-field-theory/#Field

http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/structural-realism/#OntStrReaOSR

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_physics

http://www.amazon.com/Every-Thing-Must-Metaphysics-Naturalized/dp/0199573093/ref=sr_1_2?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1456405155&sr=1-2&keywords=everything+must+go+science

https://www.amazon.com/Bit-Physics-Information-Frontiers-Collection/dp/3319129457/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1465986246&sr=1-1&keywords=it+from+bit

Not that wikipedia is a good source, but it actually explains modern quantum field theory pretty well in the first few sentences. Which is good for context before moving into sep articles. In short, particles aren't tiny balls like people thought 150 years ago. Fundamental particles don't have size at all, but are points. Their only properties are effectively describable as something like data or information. The basic thing in existence is "fields" which are universe wide systems of interaction, and energy is basically just something a field is doing in a specific place. Fundamental particles are just a special excited energy state. Whats more, you can't really think of the information in the place as a distinct "thing" since it only exists in relation as a system.

Of curse the fact that they have no size is no problem for us. Because they can still be distances apart form each-other and relate in ways that add up to structure. And the field and energy is more structure itself rather than a "thing" because its all just a system of relations. Energy is just "capacity to do work." Yet is also the fundamental thing that exists in fields. Which sounds abstract until you begin thinking of it as information or data. And so this "capacity" is an abstraction that can be in a specific place. Since things change based on what is around them (gravity, etc) its even hypothesized that every point in space theoretically has information about everything else in the universe in it.

Physicalism is the generic modern term to replace the term materialism, but the more important term is ontic structural realism. Which is basically the position of taking physics as it is and saying that what it tells us is true. Which at this point means that all that exists is "structure" instead of matter. The term matter is only used now to refer to things that structurally add up to molecules and so then act like what classical matter was thought to. So it is a construct we use to make sense of the world, rather than anything real. Since to the chemist these abstract differences about molecular physics don't matter much to a to of macro scale practice.

Note of course that there's ambiguity here. The only properties fundamental things have are something like data or information. But is this information the same thing as what we normally use the word information to refer to in physics? Is it something else? Are these properties literally nothing but mathematical properties, or are they only isomorphic to them in some way? Is what we see something that exhausts existence, or is it an unfolded version of a more fundamental existence as in the physicist bohm's idea of implicate and explicate order? The truth is that there's more or less an absolute limit on our ability to answer some of these questions with pure science, because past a certain level, we can only get information about things indirectly. We don't even know why chemical structure is able to exist despite violating some of the principles of quantum physics. Since electrons shouldn't really be acting in the ways they seem to in electron bonds, and we can only see what's happening indirectly due to inability to directly see things on that scale. All of reality emerges from things we can only see indirectly, and so there's a limit to what we can say about it. After all, how can you "see" something that has no size?

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Also, this is unrelated but there's many metaphysical questions that still exist despite science. Metaphysics isn't an alternate way to find things out from science. Its trying to answer slightly different questions, but with overlap in the middle on ones that both contribute to. For instance, philosophy of identity is something that science can help, but which also needs more work beyond just describing science.

• • SCIENTIFIC METHOD And then, talk about the scientific method! what did i say here? Like, I would have to give an example. Of something we improved....? caveman? DOIT0 find a good scientific method example anyone can relate too EVOLUTION OF TECHNOLOGY! => Sticks=>FLint+stone=>Lighters + fuel => Other methods to start fire
    
    
• • SCIENCE+HISTORY Why its the answer to everything (well religion is history sort of...). Anyways, give examples, of why science and history is the best argument, grahams hierarchy of disagreement. I need dsome good ideas here DOIT0
    
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    I'm tired, 9:15 PM, 3/9/16, lot o progress
    
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    START 4/5/16 9:14 PM (beginning of week 6, i wrote post starting 2/23/16? )
    
    
• GOING TO PICK OFF ON THE OUTLINE, ONE FUCKING MONTH LATER....let's combine my knowledge with that shitty dummies textbook outline! Also going to flat out ignore my other 2-3 revisions i made on late february on what my outline is going to look like, CAUSE iterative thinking (this post) on iterative processes (finding good methods of organizing over time making this post) on iterative framework (outline revision 3)
  
  
• Quick summary: Chapter 1 talks about the importance of science and history, and then into LEAN, cause LEAN is basically history and philosophical science.
  
  
• Science and history is like been there for fucknig ages, but LEAN hasn't, so therefore the difference between chapter 1 and chapter 2 is like a fucking 2000+ year gap, where LEAN started in 1950ish after WW2 by robert Demings. Chapter 1, ain't going to fucknig mention WW2 at all, I think.
  
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  CHAPTER 2: LEAN and WW2, AND FUCKING TOYOTA
  
  
• WW2 Since I talked about science and history, now WW2 (cause it came first of these 3 topics). Keep it fucking short here and to the point. You know, Allies vs Axis powers, yay America, Pearl Harbor, get nuked Japan, by enola gay big boy little man. Just a quick summary here, nothing too important, describe what triggered WW2. There some shit like this, that looks like 4 pages: http://www.sparknotes.com/history/european/ww2/summary.html . YOU SHOULD FUCKING KNOW ABOUT WW2 ALREADY, FROM GRADE 10 WORLD HISTORY, I am simply refreshing you here
  
  
• LEAN & TOYOTA . Since fucking TOYOTA basically made LEAN you know, but before that, ROBERT FUCKING DEMINGS, how he gave away technology to Japan, like the FORD ASSEMBLY LINE. https://np.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2umvsw/eli5why_are_german_and_japanese_products/coakir9?context=3 (my post here about Germans Japanese and LEAN). Some of my information is wrong about samurais and oversimplified, but whatever.
  
  
• DERIVATIVES OF FUCKING LEAN. Well I might as well fucking talk about this too, what things are based off LEAN. For instance, fucknig industrial engineering teaches LEAN as part of its coursework, and of course learns about fucking TOYOTA and all that japanese terminology like tahkt time. AGILE web development, is based on LEAN. Fucknig GTD, is based off LEAN. Fucking everything many things are based on LEAN, like 7 habits of highly effective people, productivity , and shit, or are at least very similar, LEAN is like productivity science bitch. The japanese knew their shit and developed a systematic philosophy that changed the manufacturing realm
  
  
• THE IMPORTANCE AND IMPACTS OF DERIVATIVES OF LEAN. Basically, how good SOP programs employ LEAN to teach leadership, LEAN consultants driving savings in manufacturing cost affecting the economy, basically if corporations are using it to save money and time, why the fuck shouldn't you? Perhaps in a shitty dinky startup, perhaps just in GTD, perhaps in agile development, perhaps in your job as a COO (chief operating officer) for a supermarket chain. IDK, there's some application to productivity and efficiency, and LEAN is the science defined for that. Don't reinvent the fucknig wheel just copy the framework. <Also, see reference, all those 100 + fucknig books on amazon's warehouse, LEAN application, LEAN startup, all those books on productivity and shit, all are either derivatives or part of LEAN in concept>
  
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• *chpt 3 will talk about all the latest and fucking greatest softwares out there, a quick fucking overview, as well as existing GTD methods, what the fuck GTD is, and *my acronym for my method (Also 3 letters I think)
  
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  CHAPTER 3: WTF IS GTD? WHAT IS THESECRETWEAPON? WTF IS THIS ONENOTE AND EVERNOTE
  
  
• David Allens GTD: Because I fucking have to mention this you know, it wouldn't be a complete book if i didn't, and I'd be doing a massive fucknig disservice by not mentioning it at all. Despite the fact i skimmed the book (That had notes on it). I will credit him here. How you should buy his book. And his great GTD diagram that all of pinterest is all over. Why its great for a primer. I shall tell you, how its a great tool to learn productivity. TALK ALL ABOUT THE ALMIGHTY DIAGRAM . Cons of it comes later.
  
  
• WTF IS EVERNOTE AND ONENOTE?: Because I will be talking about other peoples methodologies, I shall briefly describe to you, what the fuck evernote and onenote is, with some picture diagrams, and like 3 paragraphs on each topic. Short and sweet to the point, why you may or may not use it
  
  
• Derivatives of GTD (which are derivatives of LEAN) specifically Evernote: I will fucking tell you, all the GTD methodologies out there. Brett Kelly evernote. Michael Hyatts evernote GTD. http://michaelhyatt.com/getting-things-done-an-update.html . http://www.thesecretweapon.org/.
  
  
• Derivatives of GTD (which are derivatives of LEAN) specifically ONENOTE: is there even a reputable onenote gtd? My research back then indicates there really isn't one, these are the most reputable ones: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iiI_AERTCYo . and http://computers.tutsplus.com/tutorials/onenote-gtd-productivity-with-freeform-notes--cms-20931 .
  
  
• I SHALL MAKE A TABLE COMPARING THEM!: This is hard to describe, perhaps I will just list out OVERVIEW, then PROS and CONS of each of them from my perspective. like what if? scenario A, oh you need something like onenote? Sorry, evernote GTD doesn't work for that. What if ? scenario B, oh you need evernote for long term documentation? Sorry onenote GTD doesn't work for that.
  
  
• MY UML DIAGRAM!: This is where I just fucking plop a BEFORE and AFTER UML diagram and let you fucknig stare at it forever. Then, I shall talk about DATABASE SCIENCE WOOHOO! And about, why its important to understand how the internet works, how UML diagrams are laid out, Unified modelling language. Also, http://www.amazon.com/Beginning-Database-Design-Novice-Professional/dp/1430242094?ie=UTF8&keywords=database%20novice&qid=1459907576&ref_=sr_1_1&sr=8-1 . Also, I will discuss pitfalls of all other GTDs (didn't I say this already in previous 2 subchpts?), as well as the GTD david allens diagram too. I shall give you, like a one paragraph summary of how I do shit, and storyboard it maybe. Keep this section, stupidly fucking short, ITS JUST A PRIMER FOR THE REAL FUN LATER
  
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• chp 4 this next section is dedicated purely to fucking onenote and evernote, mostly onenote, cause evernote is easy shit to learn
  
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  CHAPTER FUCKING 4: ONENOTE AND THEN EVERNOTE
  
  
• note to self: so I segwayed into 2000 years of history + science, then 1950 LEAN and TOYOTA, then a brief overview of GTD in 2001, now we are in 2003 when onenote came out! MY book is a chronological history storytelling book, then 2007 evernote
  
  
• ONENOTE - A HISTORY I MADE UP: Basically, I wrote a post on this already. What the fuck onenote was even invented for, understanding where it came about, WTF is onenote anyways, https://www.reddit.com/r/OneNote/comments/46yl72/writing_a_book_for_onenoteevernote_what_things_do/d1jlfhn. That section
  
  
• EVERNOTE - ANOTHER HISTORY I MADE UP (will verify later with youtube interviews with CEO): Same shit as above ^ see link above
  
  
• EVERNOTE vs. ONENOTE? which one? Both why not zoidberg? Basically, talk about , in the history i just discussed, if i hadn't said it already, onenote is a fancy notebook, evernote is a digital filing cabinet . Forgot to mention, when writing this book, evernotoe will be LOL won't work. Cause evernote is not easy to view 1,000,000 character text (doesn't scale well large docs), onenote is.
  
  -----------------
  
  CHAPTER 5: HOW THE FUCK DO I USE EVERNOTE AND ONENOTE?**
  
  
• WTF, how do I use ONENOTE? (since it came out first, I discuss it first, like at prosecutional hearing). Anyways, you know, talk about onenote and its features. I could go on all day, but I will cover the MOST important features, talk about learning this shit on lynda.com [your homework assignment] and tell you which features are horseshit because LEAN, you can use em anyways though Also, onetastic, onegem, plugins and shit
  Integration with outlook if thats your thing, I'm a thunderbird guy. This section is a book in of itself
  
  
• WTF, how do I use EVERNOTE? Evernote and its features. Which ones are good, which ones blow, IDK, that kind of shit. Evernote's old UI style vs New UI style. Pick and choose brah. Also, Michael Hyatts evernote GTD method goes here, the other section was just simply a primer. This one goes with the operator character post I wrote: https://www.reddit.com/r/Evernote/comments/3naptm/some_tips_using_evernote_and_other_productivity/ . Also, Brett Kelly, I shall mention him here I think'
  
  
• WTF is TAGGING and WHY DO I CARE with EVERNOTE? (And pinboard bookmarks or other servicE). Talk about hashtag science VERB NOUN ADJECTIVE viral vs FAD marketing. Caveman goes [RHMMMMM] VMT and the birth of linguistics., communiction and language (possibly sidebar)
  https://www.reddit.com/r/OneNote/comments/46yl72/writing_a_book_for_onenoteevernote_what_things_do/d0ff6e3.
  
  
  
  

> I haven't done proper research, but i personally feel it is an over-ambitious or rather an extremely pretentious project.

Agreed--it’s either ambitious or over-ambitious, depending on your view of what is possible. But if it’s not in this category, it’s not a zero-to-one project and therefore, not interesting enough (at least to me) for the time and effort.

By doing some proper research, you may come to the conclusion that such an endeavor is possible. Read some good books on Peer-To-Peer technologies, like this one and try to figure out why many distributed computing projects in the past all failed and why that should not be the case today. Also try to read some academic papers on distributed computing, grid computing, etc. There are a lot of those. Think about reputation systems and what kind of businesses they’ve enabled. You’re on this board, so I’m sure you have a good idea about how Ethereum enables new things to come to life. And importantly, do research on the team.

> with all these icos, it looks like a blockchain bubble is around the corner. Don't get me wrong, Blockchain will definitely invaluable just like the internet. Companies without substance or created just to ride the hype fall.

Agreed--it is a minefield out there. A bunch of projects look like nothing more than a scam. Others are legit but probably won’t work for one or more valid reasons. This is consistent with any technological breakthrough of the past, whether it’s the invention of the railroad, automobile, computer, internet, and now the blockchain; it's part of the package. And one day, among all the rubble, some very large enterprises will come out of this, just like what happened in those other breakthrough technological periods. And the rewards will go to those who have put in the time and effort to understand which of these projects will add a lot of value to the world and be able to keep their competitive position for a long time.

First off, from a fellow transfer student, Welcome to UMD!

You'll be fine with your preparation so far. A lot of people go into 131 with little or no programming experience and do fine, and you'll already have a leg up on them.
I would download eclipse at http://www.eclipse.org and start looking through the textbook from the beginning.
Here is the class web pages list for the CS department: https://www.cs.umd.edu/class/
You can find course webpages for nearly every course offered there. Many have lecture slides and projects that you can look through and work on. Many will possibly be reused for your class. Some (NOT all) are password protected, just skip them.

The best thing about Java (IMHO) is the publicly available documentation. C has next to none, Ruby's is always missing stuff or has incorrect info. The java documentation is really well-done though.
If you haven't used Java before, the javadoc for Java SE 7 can be found here: http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/
Get used to navigating it. The different "packages" are easy to navigate in the top left frame. In my 131 class I think the only ones we used were in java.lang and java.util.

For any math reqs you still need, I'd advise learning all the material beforehand, the math dept. is notorious for having some TAs that are cruel graders.

A note on books...I've taken 131/132/216/250/330/351, and not once has the "required" book actually been needed in the class. The 132 book I used http://www.amazon.com/Data-Structures-Abstraction-Design-Using/dp/0470128704/ref=sr_1_4?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1374108009&sr=1-4&keywords=data+structures was a useful reference to have for Java, but It mostly covers data structures which aren't used as much in 131. 216's Pointers on C was fairly useful as well.
The Association for Women in Computing group on campus does book sales, w/ textbooks for $5-$10 each. Never anything assigned for a class, but it's a good place to get a cheap book for a language/topic you're interested in or as a supplement.

If you're interested in Artificial Intelligence and have room on your schedule, I highly recommend taking CMSC289I w/ Dr. Reggia. There's no programming experience required and it's an excellent overview of AI concepts.

Well, that's all I've got.

This does not answer your question, but it is usually preferable not to have vertical relation symbols, and not to worry about the vertical alignment, except at the first equals sign (this is done with "align"). Instead, you usually want things more like this:

A ~ B ~ C
~ D ~ E ~ G
~ H ~ I

and so on.

More to your question, I know there is a way to save an alignment place and recall it later, but I don't remember how to do it. Another option might be to use the "split" environment.

Sorry I couldn't be of more help. An excellent resource for these kinds of questions is this book. Good luck!

HIPAA is a joke... it's primarily used to tack on extra charges for identity crooks operating out of health care settings. It's been, what, +5 years now? Go take a look at the case law and see what great changes HIPAA accomplished.

The reality is that, under the guise of billing, your health care information is spread far and wide. Once you step foot inside a hospital, there are so many vectors for your information to travel, it's not even funny. From radiology, the the pharmacy, to the lab, to your doctor's notes to the nurse's pre-assessment, to the transcriptionist who codes up the notes, to the accounting department that wraps all of that up into a nice large bill for you, your information will travel through at least half a dozen entities not even directly related to the hospital (off site radiologists and transcriptionists in India who evaluate images and notes, pharmacy reorder that provide dispensary data to suppliers for "predictive" ordering, outside lab who process your tests, etc. etc. etc) .

The biggest single hit you'll take is when your billing information hits the "information clearing house". This is a neat little place the insurance industry has set up to check past health care rerecords for any "preexisting" conditions preclude them from actually having to pay for anything despite your years of dues paying loyalty to their bullshit "insurance' program. All of your past medical records live there via billing information and a lot of times it's tied into credit card usage and is searchable (for a fee, of course) by those outside of the medical profession.

I'd suggest that you read "Database Nation" if you really want to understand what happens to your medical information and why HIPAA doesn't really matter (unless you're an identity thief).

HIPAA doesn't even apply to the industry it's supposed to regulate (beyond giving useless administrators of the health care bureaucracy something to appear to be busy with) and you're asking if it applies to the government?

You should consider a career in comedy.

It all comes down to what you're comfortable with, but I'm going to buck the trend and say SAS is more powerful & easier to use than R/SPSS (their syntax is similar). I don't have any experience with STATA or other statistical packages, other than matlab which seemed kind of clunky with statistics.

I've found SAS 9.2 to be computationally faster, relatively easy to learn, and compatible with more datatypes. Earlier versions of SAS were much crummier - lousier graphics, pickier on data input and code, etc - 9.2 is a huge leap forward.

R is excellent too. R has more flexibility, more packages & options, and far more niche uses. I just have a preference for the way SAS handles data, the way it takes code, and the transparency of the code relative to R/SPSS.

That said, SAS is insanely expensive and when my university license expires early next year, I'll probably stick with R. If cost is an issue, go with R, and get a good manual.

I'm an avid R user. If you're new I would recommend R in a Nutshell. It's concise and if you already know a scripting language, R will be a easy transition. Also it's handy for quick references.

For really amazing graphics I would highly recommend the R Graphics Cookbook. Easy to follow examples and sexy-ass figures.

I'm a computational biologist and I have never seen anyone use SAS except for maybe older people. I learned a little bit in undergrad for a stats class, but I just used R instead lol. MatLab is also powerful and highly used, I might start trying that too.

Good luck.

Well, I learned Java programming from the ground up during my computer science classes at community college (I should note it's a pretty decent community college). Decent as it is, most of my learning was done through the use of textbooks, with the teachers mostly just giving assistance when you hit a bump in the road. With the internet though, you really don't need teachers, just forums to post at (or reddit, or IRC).

The first class was taught using this book:

http://www.amazon.com/Java-Programming-Joyce-Farrell/dp/032459951X

2nd class:

http://www.amazon.com/Starting-Out-Java-Control-Structures/dp/0321421027/ref=sr_1_4?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1331159174&sr=1-4

3rd class:

http://www.amazon.com/Data-Structures-Algorithms-Java-2nd/dp/0672324539/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1331159206&sr=1-1

The first two books cover a lot of the same material, so if you choose to go the textbook route I would just choose one of those (as you can tell from the reviews, the 2nd book is probably the better choice although the 1st book isn't as bad as the reviews would lead one to believe). There may be better starter books, but these were what were recommended at my school and they worked well enough for me. Whatever you choose to learn the basics with, I highly recommend the Data Structures and Algorithms textbook afterwards.

Good luck!

Note my disclaimer of huge grain of salt. I'm just regurgitating things that I've read and contextualizing it with my personal experience.

But neuroplasticity is not a concept I am simply speculating on. -http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroplasticity

Drugs like psilocybin and LSD do what they do because they affect our neurochemical receptors, like serotonin.

There is evidence out there that these types of things happen such as recent treatments using these drugs to treat PTSD. You can go find these for yourself. At the least, a neuronal rewiring explanation is infinitely more rational than the sort of "the fungal/plant spirit healed me!" woo.

It's not my field of study. These are not my ideas. If you're looking for a stalwart defense of them, I encourage you to go read about them. For instance, a book like this one: http://www.amazon.com/Psychedelic-Information-Theory-Shamanism-Reason/dp/1453760172

Again, I would encourage you and everyone else to read material and come to your own conclusion. I just wanted to try to answer OP by regurgitating some of the information I have collected.

Here's the book I used to learn Java. The introductory chapters may be on the simple side, but it really teaches you how to think in Java and Object-Oriented Programming. This is definitely only an introductory book, but it is an exceptionally clear and well-written one that you can fly through very quickly. Once you've completed this book, Sun's tutorials and more advanced Java guides will become accessible to you, especially with your prior programming experience. Allow me to stress that this book is incredible and I have never seen a Java textbook (or practically any textbook) so well-constructed. Also, at $40 used, it won't break the bank. Good luck, and I hope you pick up this text, no matter which language you choose to learn!

I took a cryptography class and we used this textbook:

http://www.amazon.com/Introduction-Mathematical-Cryptography-Undergraduate-Mathematics/dp/0387779930

It's very easy reading and covers quite a few cryptographic techniques. That said it can be frustratingly light on the mathematics (some number theory/algebra results are given without proof and the section on the number field sieve is vague) but it generally gives references for the 'harder' mathematics.

As others have noted the preqs for cryptography are generally number theory and abstract algebra.

As a final note: I didn't personally find cryptography very interesting but this might have been due to courses de-emphasis on the mathematical details. The field feels somehow shallow, you learn many tricks and become extremely comfortable working in finite fields but the punchlines were less dramatic than any other subject I've studied. This is a field where the Quadratic sieve was a big deal. I mean it's a nice trick but amounts to a (imho) unexciting computational improvement.

I don't think you'll get a lot out of this subreddit as most people here seem to be beginners. I hope I am proven wrong, though.

I have implemented path tracers before but never using MLS. I'd suggest you check out PBRT and their source code implementation for MLS if you are still stuck. That's the best I can help you with. Good luck!

If you're looking to reduce your media consumption, I would like to recommend the book The Information Diet

I bought it this week when I realized that I was addicted to facebook. I decided to take a week-long vacation from it while I decided the best way to break my addictive behaviors. right now I'm writing up a media "diet" regimen to help me increase my attention span.

not only does the book demonstrate ways of consuming media responsibly, but also to increase your civic responsibility by helping you identify and eliminate your personal biases.

There is one book you need to have i you're going to be using Cocoa. Once you get a footing with Objective C as a language, you should buy yourself a copy of Cocoa Design Patterns. This covers Cocoa by teaching you first the rationale behind it, then shows you how to do things.

Also, this would probably be a worthwhile read, if only for the terminology it introduces.

Good luck!

EDIT: I personally learned Objective C using this book, and I'd recommend it to you as well.

> Problem one is ANSI control codes.

This isn't a problem at all, if your library is properly abstracted (and I haven't looked at Vty at all) then all you'd need to do is call the right Win32 API instead of just emitting ANSI control sequences. That is if you want compatibility with older OSes.

If you're only aiming for Windows 10 and higher it supports most if not all VT100 sequences fine https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/console/console-virtual-terminal-sequences

If the library isn't then you can just re-interpret the control sequences back to Win32 api calls, It's not that hard at all, to the point where lots of compilers just do this. See projects like ANSICON that have existed for years https://github.com/adoxa/ansicon.

> Namely, instead of sending an escape sequence, ALT+{Key} escapes the console host entirely and talks to the OS instead, and you get similar behaviors with some CNTRL+{Key} combos. I am not sure if there is any way at all to bypass this behavior.

If you want low level controls, you need to look at the low level console apis instead of the high level ones https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/console/low-level-console-i-o

Particularly, the only signals I am aware of that the console host actually routes to the OS by default are Ctrl+C and Break. And if you don't this you can just turn off console input processing https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/console/low-level-console-modes (this is how you get mouse events in the input buffer as well).

Lastly you can even get access to the full underlying screen buffer and manipulate the entire buffer as a char* which allows you to do things not supported by the APIs if you want. (I've used this before to do things like screen scraping of console programs which use TUI like functionality so std redirection didn't work.).

In short, there is no technical reason why Vty shouldn't be able to achieve full feature parity with unix like OSes. The API is more than capable, it's just different, which is why historically you didn't have things like an ncurses port. It would essentially be a rewrite because it's not abstracted correctly.

> Basically, MS threw CMD.EXE in the dustbin about 20 years ago and only recently started to try pulling it out again -

CMD is just a layer on top of conhost which is the actual console host. The limitations of CMD in no way reflect the limitations of window's console host. ConEmu etc all use conhost because it's the only user facing console interface on Windows. https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/askperf/2009/10/05/windows-7-windows-server-2008-r2-console-host/ explains the architecture behind it. and if you're interested in learning more https://www.amazon.co.uk/Inside-Windows-Debugging-Practical-Strategies/dp/0735662789

Great book about common Cocoa design patterns: http://www.amazon.com/Cocoa-Design-Patterns-Erik-Buck/dp/0321535022

Does a great job of explaining delegation, among other things.

I don't know if this is a canonical text, but it was used as a text book in our Ph.D. level theoretical computer science course: Martin Davis, Ron Sigal, Elaine J. Weyuker (Computability, Complexity, and Languages)

I have not read much of it, but the first few chapters I did read were very enlightening. The authors define a (Turing complete) language named S and in only few chapters shows the interpreter for the language. Also, I like how the book tries to be very precise about everything ("mercilessly precise" in section 2.3).

I actually have one right in front of me on my desk

Pro SQL server 2012 BI Solutions kind of pricey at $48, you can probably find it cheaper somewhere else.

It covers how to do the entire process, creating a data warehouse, etl process, cubes, reports, etc starting with large scale overviews, then planning, defining a team, then dives into the technical of actual implementation. It's an extremely expansive book, and also like 800 pages.

I've only read the first few chapters but it's great IMO.

For mathematical statistics: Statistical Inference.

Bioinformatics and Statistics: Statistical Methods in Bioinformatics.

R: R in a Nutshell.

Edit: The Elements of Statistical Learning (free PDF!!)

ESL is a great book, but it can get very difficult very quickly. You'll need a solid background in linear algebra to understand it. I find it delightfully more statistical than most machine learning books. And the effort in terms of examples and graphics is unparalleled.

More Math into Latex is excellent. You can get the short course (first few chapters of the book) free here.

Soare has a good jumping-off paper. But really, you need to read a book. For instance, Davis, Sigal, and Weyuker is good.

http://www.amazon.com/gp/aw/d/158488360X/ref=mp_s_a_1_3?qid=1376553772&sr=8-3&pi=SL75

It looks fancy, and seems like it could come of some use. I don't really know much about this though, but I tried. Thank you for the contest!

www.r-bloggers.com is my favourite site, if I'm ever looking for a how-to guide I will click their links first.

The only book I have bought on R is R In A Nutshell, but I didn't find it very useful.

We used this one: http://www.amazon.com/Data-Structures-Abstraction-Design-Using/dp/0470128704/ref=sr_1_4?ie=UTF8&qid=1371444411&sr=8-4&keywords=data+structures

but probably because it was written by the cis department. however, i did find the text to be very helpful.

Not even 1/10 decent. It looks like it's theory only. Try this book: http://www.amazon.com/Server-2012-Solutions-Experts-Voice/dp/1430234881
It describes whole BI process from the begining to the end on simplified life like examples and excercises. There is almost non knowledge required. Ofcourse basic SQL skills will be helpfull.

Psychedelic Information Theory

It presents information on a scientific theory of how psychedelics work. Not exactly what you were looking for, but I hear it's interesting.

Ray tracing in a weekend would be a good start. Followed by the pbrt

So, theoretically, the server component or external party API would be the model along with the Objective C objects that handle this data. Models can take many forms, many times they are not explicit, it's more of a theoretical construct especially if your app has no server or Core Data component. For instance, let's say you're making a dog name generator. You could put the names in an array which is instantiated in a view controller object. Technically, this array could have be seen as part of a class extension of your view controller or as a property of your view controller. The array in question is "the model" but it's part of the view controller. OR, you could create an NSObject which has a property of NSArray. This NSObject would then receive messages from your view controller to send it data once a view object was triggered by event.

The views are not associated directly with models, they are associated with view controllers mostly. Each view controller object comes with a main view property (has a relationship) to which you can add subviews. The logic to display the data in the views is handled in the view controllers.

This book will blow off your balls
http://www.amazon.com/Cocoa-Design-Patterns-Erik-Buck/dp/0321535022

I'd recommend [Computer Science: An Overview by Glenn Brookshear] (http://www.amazon.com/Computer-Science-Overview-12th-Edition/dp/0133760065) or Computer Science Handbook by Allen B. Tucker if you want a more in-depth overview of theoretical topics.

Yes! The Information Diet is fantastic. The author argues that you need to treat the internet like eating. Sometimes you're allowed fast junk food (Reddit, etc) but you can't rely on that alone. You ned more substantive information.

Yea, I actually recommended one in the post above. Here's a direct link though

I'm recommending this only because it's the one book on the topic that I've read and it was really good. There's others too, like this one, but I haven't read them so I can't comment.

Any book about reverse engineering can only teach you the most basic things. But it teaches you enough that once you're on your own, you aren't lost. If you want to develop the skills further, just start disassembling OS functions and figuring out how they work.

Another book that's tangentially related is this one. It isn't about reverse engineering specifically, but rather about debugging (usually without source code), which is obviously a critical skill.

I'd recommend reading R in a nutshell.

This book, updated for Swift.

You might find this book helpful, I did: The Information Diet: A Case for Conscious Consumption

You might feel like you intuitively already 'know' some of the concepts he covers, but for me it really helped crystallize them in my head and put them into practice.

I've also been trying to 'level up' my iOS dev skills, and cannot recommend Effective Objective-C 2.0 enough, as well as Cocoa Design Patterns.

Something else I've been doing is making my way through the Apple Programming Guides and sample code, and I've learned a lot just from that.

OK, given enough time and motivation, you can narrow down stuff. Overly sensationalistic story. And hardly breaking news. Glance over Database Nation: The Death of Privacy in the 21st Century (2001)

Not quite what you want but there's this.

> James Kent is the author of Psychedelic Information Theory: Shamanism in the Age of Reason

Checks out.

> this text was researched for over 20 years and includes over 200 references and 31 images related to the latest science in the diverse fields of pharmacology, shamanism, and perception.

http://www.amazon.com/Information-Diet-Case-Conscious-Consumption/dp/1449304680

https://www.amazon.com/Cocoa-Design-Patterns-Erik-Buck/dp/0321535022

this book:

http://www.amazon.com/Programming-Objective-C-Edition-Developers-Library/dp/0321711394/ref=pd_sim_b_1


and this book:

http://www.amazon.com/Cocoa-Design-Patterns-Erik-Buck/dp/0321535022/ref=pd_sim_b_7


and this guy:

http://www.raywenderlich.com/

http://paleobiology.si.edu/staff/individuals/hunt.cfm (scroll down a bit to the sessions)

http://www.mayin.org/ajayshah/KB/R/index.html

http://www.youtube.com/user/wildsc0p

http://www.amazon.com/R-Nutshell-Desktop-Quick-Reference/dp/059680170X/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1292964309&sr=8-1

An Introduction to Mathematical Cryptography if you're starting out.

Introduction to Modern Cryptography for a focus on provable security.

You should check out appcode, it's basically objective-c intellij. I've been using it instead of xcode for a while now, it's excellent.

As for the cocoa-touch framework, I think your issues with it come from a lack of understanding of the design patterns behind objective c. You admit in your post that you've only done a single project in objective c. I develop in ObjC professionally, and I find cocoa touch to be one of the best frameworks I've ever worked in. I can quickly and easily implement any type of ui I want, without hitting language or api constraints.

>I've only done one real Objective-C project, but before I do another, I'm seriously going to spend the time to wrap these retarded classes in my own so I can write the last 20% that's missing and save myself hours of development time anytime I need to implement one in the future. And that's just disappointing to me to see how much time apple spends on making sure their user experience is top notch, but then completely ignores and drops the ball on their developer experience.

This is a terrible idea. Just trying to save you some time. If you want a better use of your time, check out this book - http://www.amazon.com/Cocoa-Design-Patterns-Erik-Buck/dp/0321535022

The other issue that you run into with Objective C is that there was kind of a gold rush on the app store that has lots of terrible developers who have no idea what they're doing writing objective c and talking about it on forums, which gets picked up on your searches. There's a huge amount of faulty information on objective c online, which is a bit disheartening.

The other point that I have to make is that iphone apps are fast. Compare an iphone app to an android app, see which is faster and smoother. This is often down to the table view apis and their optimizations. Stuff like having a separate function for serving up the size of your cells falls into this category.

>Implimenting a pickerView or tableView is absolutely retarded.

I don't see the issue in the apis here. You have a view that has a pointer to a data source and a pointer to a delegate. The data source implements functions from a protocol that return the cells for the rows that the view asks for, and the delegate implements functions that get called by the view when certain things happen. This approach gives you far more flexibility in the architecture of your application than requiring you to pass stuff directly into your view object.